Italaqi Barqiat Class 6 PDF Download is now available as the applied science subject textbook for 6th-grade students following the Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board syllabus. This book is part of the official curriculum for Punjab schools, teaching students the basics of magnetism and electricity through hands-on practical experiments.
For Class 6 students, this book builds practical science skills through step-by-step experiments on magnets, circuits, and electrical wiring. Regular practice with the experiments and questions helps students prepare for class tests and annual exams while developing real hands-on understanding of how electricity works.
Book Overview
| Class | 6 |
| Subject | Italaqi Barqiat (Applied Electricity) |
| Category | School Books (Applied Science) |
| Board | PCTB (Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board) |
| Medium | Urdu |
| Total Chapters | 15 |
| Total Pages | 86 |
| Format | PDF (Free Download) |
Chapter List
Chapter 1: Magnetism and Magnetic Properties (مقناطیس اور مقناطیسیت)
This opening chapter introduces magnetism through simple experiments, testing whether a nail attracts iron filings before and after being stroked with a bar magnet. It explains the discovery of lodestone in Magnesia, Turkey, and how ordinary iron differs from a magnet. Students learn the three types of magnets (bar, horseshoe, and electric) and how to prepare a magnet using single-touch and double-touch rubbing methods, verifying results with a compass.
Important Questions:
- What is a magnet? A magnet is an object that attracts magnetic materials like iron and always points north-south when freely suspended.
- What is magnetism? Magnetism is the property of a magnet that allows it to attract iron and other magnetic materials.
- How can you tell an iron bar apart from a magnet? A magnet always settles in a north-south direction when hung freely, while plain iron settles in any direction.
- Name the three types of magnets based on shape. Bar magnet, horseshoe magnet, and electric magnet are the three types.
Chapter 2: Determination of Directions (سمتوں کا تعین)
This chapter continues magnet-making practice using the double-touch method, then covers magnetic substances such as iron, nickel, and cobalt. It explains how to identify a magnetic pole using a compass, lists safety precautions such as avoiding drops and heat exposure, and describes common uses of magnets in compasses, electric bells, motors, locks, refrigerator doors, cranes, and toys.
Important Questions:
- What are magnetic substances? Materials such as iron, nickel, and cobalt that a magnet can attract or that can themselves be turned into magnets.
- How do you find a magnetic pole using a compass? Bring the unknown pole near the compass needle; if the needle is repelled, that end is the same pole as the needle tip facing it.
- Name two safety precautions for storing magnets. Avoid dropping magnets and keep them away from strong heat, both of which weaken magnetism.
- Name three devices that use magnets. Compasses, electric bells, and electric motors all use magnets.
Chapter 3: Forces: Determining Directions with a Magnet and Compass (قوتیں)
This chapter demonstrates two methods for finding geographic directions. First, a freely suspended bar magnet is used, noting that its north pole always settles toward geographic north. Second, a compass, a magnetic needle balanced on a pivot inside a glass-covered case, is used the same way. The chapter also shows how to determine the unmarked poles of a magnetic strip by testing its reaction against a compass needle.
Important Questions:
- How does a freely suspended magnet show direction? Its north pole always settles toward geographic north and its south pole toward geographic south.
- What is a compass? A compass is a magnetic needle balanced on a pivot inside a non-magnetic case with a glass lid, used to find direction.
- How can you find the poles of an unmarked magnetic strip? Bring one end near a compass needle and observe whether it attracts or repels the needle tip.
- What basic principle helps identify magnet poles? Like poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other.
Chapter 4: Magnetic Forces of Attraction and Repulsion (مقناطیسی قوتیں)
This chapter explains magnetic poles and lines of force, showing that lines of force travel from the north pole outward to the south pole. Through experiments bringing two bar magnets and a compass close together, students observe that unlike poles attract while like poles repel. The chapter concludes that magnetic force is strongest at the poles and introduces the idea of a magnetic field created around a magnet using iron filings.
Important Questions:
- What are magnetic lines of force? Invisible lines that travel from a magnet north pole outward to its south pole, showing the direction of magnetic force.
- What happens when two unlike poles are brought close together? They attract each other.
- What happens when two like poles are brought close together? They repel each other.
- Where is a magnet strongest? A magnet magnetic force is strongest at its two poles.
Chapter 5: Magnetic Field Between Dissimilar Poles (غیر مشابہ قطبیں)
Using iron filings sprinkled on cardboard or glass placed over two magnets with unlike poles facing each other, this chapter shows how to plot the magnetic field between them with a compass, marking points that form curved lines of force. Students learn that iron filings gather most densely at the poles and that the magnetic field is the region around a magnet where its magnetic effect can be detected.
Important Questions:
- What are magnetic lines of force in this experiment? The curved paths traced by a compass between two unlike poles, formed by clustering iron filings.
- What is a magnetic field? The area around a magnet where its magnetic effect can be felt by another magnet or magnetic object.
- In which direction do lines of force point between unlike poles? They travel from the north pole toward the south pole.
- How is a magnetic field between two magnets observed practically? By sprinkling iron filings over cardboard placed above the magnets and tapping gently to reveal the pattern.
Chapter 6: Magnetic Field Between Similar Poles (مشابہ قطبیں)
This chapter repeats the field-mapping experiment, this time with two similar (like) poles facing each other. Using iron filings and a compass, students trace the lines of force and observe that they curve outward and never cross between like poles. The chapter concludes that magnetic intensity is greatest between unlike poles, lines of force run from north to south, and force increases moving away from the space directly between the poles.
Important Questions:
- What direction do lines of force take between two similar poles? They curve outward away from each other rather than running directly between the poles.
- Do magnetic lines of force ever cross each other? No, magnetic lines of force never cross at any point.
- Where is magnetic force strongest on a magnet? At the poles, where magnetism is most concentrated.
- What is the field intensity like between two unlike poles compared to two like poles? It is stronger and more direct between two unlike poles.
Chapter 7: Electricity: Definition and Static Charge (برقیت)
This chapter defines electricity and introduces static electricity through experiments rubbing an ebonite rod with cat fur and a glass rod with silk cloth. Using a pith ball pendulum and a gold-leaf electroscope, students observe attraction and repulsion caused by the charges produced. The chapter explains that the glass rod develops a positive charge while the ebonite rod develops a negative charge.
Important Questions:
- What is static electricity? Electric charge that stays at rest on an object after rubbing, without flowing as a current.
- What charge does a glass rod develop when rubbed with silk? A positive charge.
- What charge does an ebonite rod develop when rubbed with fur? A negative charge.
- What device is used to detect the presence of charge? A gold-leaf electroscope is used to detect electric charge.
Chapter 8: Voltaic Action and the Voltaic Cell (وولٹائی عمل)
This chapter explains electric charge at the atomic level, describing protons, neutrons, and electrons, and how rubbing transfers electrons between materials to create charge. It also covers lightning as a natural form of static electricity and the structure of the gold-leaf electroscope. Students then build a simple voltaic cell using copper and zinc plates in a dilute sulphuric acid solution, observing how it lights a small bulb and deflects a galvanometer needle.
Important Questions:
- What three particles make up an atom? Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Which particle carries a negative charge? The electron carries a negative charge.
- What is lightning, according to this chapter? A natural, large-scale form of static electricity caused by electron transfer between charged clouds.
- What two metals are used to build the simple voltaic cell in this chapter? Copper and zinc plates are used in a dilute sulphuric acid solution.
Chapter 9: Conductors, Insulators and Electric Current (موصل اور غیر موصل)
This chapter explains acids as compounds that turn litmus red and split into charged ions in water, forming electrolytes. It distinguishes static electricity, charge at rest, from electric current, the flow of charge, and introduces direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). It explains electric pressure (voltage) as the force driving current through a circuit, describes the chemical effects of current on water, and closes with safety precautions for handling acids and the first steps of examining a dry cell structure.
Important Questions:
- What is the difference between static electricity and electric current? Static electricity is charge at rest, while electric current is the flow or movement of charge.
- What is the difference between DC and AC current? DC always flows in one direction, while AC keeps changing direction and magnitude.
- What is electric pressure or voltage? The force that pushes current through a circuit, similar to pressure pushing water through a pipe.
- Why should water never be added to acid? Because acid reacts violently with water, causing it to splash and potentially cause burns.
Chapter 10: Electrical Study: Dry Cells, Conductors and Wire Types (برقی مطالعہ)
This chapter covers dry cell voltage, typically 1.5 volts, with batteries reaching 6 or 12 volts, and lists three dry cell types: torch cells, pencil cells, and dry cell batteries. It then tests which materials, such as silver, aluminum, iron, rubber, plastic, paper, and glass, allow current to flow using a galvanometer, concluding that metals are conductors while non-metals are insulators. The chapter closes by introducing wire thickness measurement using a wire gauge.
Important Questions:
- What is the typical voltage of a single dry cell? A standard dry cell is typically 1.5 volts.
- Name the three types of dry cells mentioned in this chapter. Torch cells, pencil cells, and dry cell batteries.
- What is a conductor? A material, usually a metal, through which electric current can pass easily.
- What is an insulator? A material such as rubber, plastic, or glass through which electric current cannot pass.
Chapter 11: Identifying Electrical Wires (تار کے جوڑ)
This chapter teaches students to measure wire thickness using a micrometer and wire gauge, working with both plastic-coated and cotton-covered wires. It describes three types of wires used in practice: bare wire rope carrying electricity from power stations to homes, wiring cables used inside homes and factories for bulbs and fans, and flexible cords used for portable appliances like fans, irons, and televisions.
Important Questions:
- What tool is used to measure wire thickness? A micrometer or wire gauge is used to measure wire thickness.
- What is bare wire rope used for? It carries electricity from the power station to homes and is made of several twisted strands without insulation.
- What are wiring cables used for? They carry electricity inside homes and factories to bulbs, fans, and other fittings.
- What are flexible cords used for? They are used for portable appliances such as fans, irons, and televisions that need to be moved.
Chapter 12: Effects of Electric Current (سمودی طریقے)
This chapter demonstrates the five effects produced when current flows through a conductor. Using a coil of wire and a compass, students observe the magnetic effect; a heated coil demonstrates the heating effect; a glowing bulb filament shows the light effect; and passing current through an electrolyte shows the chemical effect, splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen bubbles. The physiological effect, current causing muscles to contract, is also explained as a safety concern.
Important Questions:
- Name the five effects of electric current. Magnetic, heating, light, chemical, and physiological effects.
- Which effect is used in an electric bell? The magnetic effect of current is used in electric bells.
- Which effect is used in an electric iron? The heating effect of current is used in electric irons and toasters.
- What happens when current passes through an electrolyte? It splits the electrolyte into its chemical parts, such as water into hydrogen and oxygen.
Chapter 13: Bulbs, Resistance and the Electromagnet (بلب اور ریزسٹنس)
This chapter covers building an electromagnet by wrapping enamelled wire around a nail and connecting it to a dry cell, testing its magnetism with a compass before and after the switch is turned on. It explains permanent and temporary artificial magnets, uses of electromagnets in motors, generators, transformers, meters, bells, and telephone signals, and shows that more coil turns or more cells increase magnetic strength, while soft iron loses magnetism quickly and steel retains it longer.
Important Questions:
- What is an electromagnet? A temporary magnet created when electric current flows through a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core.
- What happens to an electromagnet magnetism when the current is switched off? The magnetism disappears almost immediately if the core is soft iron.
- How can you increase the strength of an electromagnet? By increasing the number of coil turns or increasing the current flowing through the coil.
- What is the difference between soft iron and steel as magnet cores? Soft iron loses magnetism quickly once current stops, while steel retains magnetism much longer.
Chapter 14: Wire Joints and Electrical Safety (بجلی کا تحفظ)
This chapter teaches practical wire joint techniques, including the straight joint (Western Union joint) for solid wire, the pigtail joint, and the straight and T-shaped joints for stranded wire. It explains where each joint type is used, such as the T-joint for tapping power from a main line, and lists safety precautions: joints must not be loose, tin coating should not be scraped off, and wire ends should be stripped at a clean angle like a sharpened pencil.
Important Questions:
- What is a Western Union joint used for? It is a straight joint used where wiring runs in a straight, unbroken line.
- When is a T-joint used? When a supply needs to branch off from a main wire running up or down.
- Why must wire joints never be left loose? A loose joint increases resistance, can cause sparking, and may lead to fire.
- How should the insulation be stripped from a wire before joining? It should be cut at an angle, shaped like a sharpened pencil point.
Chapter 15: Soldering, Insulation Tape and Electric Circuits (مکمل نقول اور برقی سرکٹ)
The final and longest chapter covers soldering wire joints with a soldering iron, flux, and solder wire, followed by wrapping insulation tape correctly for safety. It then explains two types of electric circuits through hands-on building: series circuits, where cells and bulb holders are connected end to end so removing one bulb breaks the whole circuit, and parallel circuits, where bulbs and cells are connected side by side so removing one bulb does not affect the others.
Important Questions:
- What is a series circuit? A circuit where components are connected end to end, so current has only one path and removing one bulb breaks the circuit.
- What is a parallel circuit? A circuit where components are connected side by side, so removing one bulb does not stop current to the others.
- Why is insulation tape wrapped around a wire joint? To prevent accidental contact with bare wire and reduce the risk of electric shock or short circuit.
- What happens to bulb brightness in a series circuit as more bulbs are added? The brightness of each bulb decreases as more bulbs are added to the series circuit.
Download Italaqi Barqiat Class 6 PCTB PDF
Download the Italaqi Barqiat Class 6 PDF using the button below. This complete textbook gives Class 6 students all 15 chapters, practical experiments, and important questions needed to study applied electricity as prescribed by the Punjab Curriculum Board.
Who Should Read This
This textbook is designed for Class 6 students in Punjab schools studying Italaqi Barqiat under the PCTB curriculum. Students preparing for class tests and annual exams will find complete experiment steps, diagrams, and question sets here. It is also useful for students who want to strengthen their practical understanding of magnetism, current, and circuits before moving on to Class 7 and Class 8.
Applicable Boards
This book is the official Italaqi Barqiat textbook for the Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board. It is used in Punjab province schools and is compatible with PCTB-affiliated institutions. Schools under other boards that teach a similar applied electricity or general science elective may also find this book useful for practice.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is this book for Class 6 students?
Yes, this is the official Italaqi Barqiat textbook for Class 6 students under the PCTB curriculum, covering all 15 chapters of the syllabus.
Can other students use this book?
Yes, students in other classes who are starting to learn about magnetism and electricity can use this book to build basic concepts.
Is this the latest edition?
This PDF follows the standard PCTB Italaqi Barqiat Class 6 curriculum and chapter structure used in Punjab schools.
Does this book include solved exercises?
Yes, every chapter includes practical experiment steps and a set of important questions to help students prepare.
How many chapters does this book cover?
This book covers 15 chapters across 86 pages, including magnetism, static electricity, current, and circuits.
What topics are covered in this book?
The book covers magnets, magnetic fields, static electricity, voltaic cells, conductors, wire joints, and electric circuits.
Does the book include practical experiments?
Yes, nearly every chapter is built around a hands-on experiment using simple classroom materials and tools.
Is the PDF free to download?
Yes, the Italaqi Barqiat Class 6 PDF is completely free to download and read on any device.
Related Books
Continue learning applied electricity with these related PCTB textbooks:
- Italaqi Barqiat Class 7 PDF Download – continue your applied electricity studies in the next grade.
- Italaqi Barqiat Class 8 PDF Download – build on Class 6 concepts with more advanced circuits and wiring.
Other Class 6 subject books you may need:
- General Science Class 6 SNC PDF Download
- Mathematics Class 6 SNC PDF Download
- Computer Education Class 6 PDF Download
- English Class 6 SNC PDF Download